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101.
德国蜚蠊经不同剂量的~(60)Co-γ射线照射,以光镜和电镜观察精母细胞巨大中心体结构和数目的变化,发现:γ射线可诱发各种类型中心体畸变,如棒状、断裂、不分离、超数和微小中心体等;畸变率随剂量增加而升高;畸变类型和辐射剂量有密切关系,低剂量(500—1000r)诱发较多的棒状中心体和中心体断裂、中等剂量(2000r)诱发较多的超数中心体和中心体不分离、高剂量(5000r)诱发较多的微小中心体,看来低剂量γ射线主要影响中心体结构,高剂量则对中心体的生长发育有明显的阻滞作用。本文还讨论了中心体畸变的可能产生机制及在遗传毒理研究中应用的前景。 相似文献
102.
Sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) induction by the direct-acting bifunctional carcinogen, diepoxybutane (DEB), was investigated in multiple tissues in vivo. The log-log dose SCE response relationship was found to be parallel to that previously reported for DEB induction of lung adenomas. However, the SCE assay is approximately 20 times as sensitive in detecting genotoxic effects of DEB than indicated by the lung adenoma assay. Examination of second and third division cells following various treatment protocols revealed that regardless of the nature of initially induced lesions, they are rapidly repaired with no evidence of persistence beyond 1 cell cycle. 相似文献
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T J McMahon J S Hood B D Nossaman I N Ibrahim C J Feng P J Kadowitz 《Journal of applied physiology》1991,71(5):2012-2018
The effects of SQ 30741, a thromboxane A2 (TxA2) receptor blocking agent, on responses to the TxA2 mimic, U-46619, were investigated in the pulmonary vascular bed of the intact-chest cat under constant-flow conditions. The administration of SQ 30741 in doses of 1-2 mg/kg iv markedly reduced vasoconstrictor responses to U-46619 without altering responses to prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha or PGD2 and serotonin. SQ 30741 had no significant effect on mean vascular pressures in the cat, and the dose-response curve for U-46619 was shifted to the right in a parallel manner with a similar apparent maximal response. In addition to not altering responses to PGF2 alpha, PGD2 alpha, or serotonin, SQ 30741 (2 mg/kg iv) was without significant effect on pulmonary vasoconstrictor responses to the PGD2 metabolite 9 alpha, 11 beta-PGF2, norepinephrine, angiotensin II, BAY K 8644, endothelin 1, or endothelin 2. Although responses to vasoconstrictor agents, which act through a variety of mechanisms, were not altered, responses to the PG and TxA2 precursor, arachidonic acid, were reduced significantly. The duration of the TxA2 receptor blockade was approximately 30 and 75 min at the 1- and 2-mg/kg iv doses of the antagonist, respectively. The present data show that SQ 30741 selectively blocks TxA2 receptor-mediated responses in a competitive and reversible manner in the pulmonary vascular bed. These data suggest that responses to arachidonic acid are due in large part to the formation of TxA2 and that discrete TxA2 receptors unrelated to receptors activated by PGD2 or PGF2 alpha are most likely located in resistance vessel elements in the feline pulmonary vascular bed. 相似文献
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给家兔喂以1%胆固醇及10%菜油(A组)或猪油(B组)50多天后A组血胆固醇水平(824.2±265.1mg/dl)明显低于B组(1666±693.8mg/dl);A组甘油三酯水平(51.9±19.1mg/dl)亦低于B组(104±40.2mg/dl)。二组家兔的β—VLDL的脂类组成无差别,但A组β—VLDL的apoE高于B组,分别为45.2%及37.5%。高分子量apoB(apoB_h)为33.6%,低于B组β-VLDL(47.3%)。A组β-VLDL促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞胆固醇堆积的程度大于B组,可能与apoE含量高有关。我们认为多不饱和脂酸减轻动脉粥样硬化(As)的作用不在于改变脂蛋白构成后阻碍泡沫细胞的形成而是促进β—VLDL从体内清除。 相似文献
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S. K. Hira J. Kamanga G. J. Bhat C. Mwale G. Tembo N. Luo P. L. Perine 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1989,299(6710):1250-1252
OBJECTIVE--To determine the occurrence of vertical transmission of HIV-I from women positive for the virus and the prognosis for their babies. DESIGN--Women presenting in labour were tested for HIV-I. Their newborn babies were also tested. Women positive for the virus were followed up with their babies for two years. SETTING--Teaching hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. SUBJECTS--1954 Women, of whom 227 were seropositive. Of 205 babies, 192 were positive for HIV-I. After birth 109 seropositive mothers and their babies and 40 seronegative mothers and their babies were available for follow up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Serological examination of mothers and their babies by western blotting. Birth weight and subsequent survival of babies. Women and babies were tested over two years for signs of seroconversion and symptoms of infection with HIV, AIDS related complex, and AIDS. RESULTS--Of the 109 babies born to seropositive mothers and available for follow up, 18 died before 8 months, 14 with clinical AIDS. Of the 91 remaining, 23 were seropositive at 8 months. By 24 months 23 of 86 surviving babies were seropositive, and a further five infected babies had died, four were terminally ill, 17 had AIDS related complex, and two had no symptoms. The overall rate of perinatal transmission was 42 out of 109 (39%). The overall mortality of infected children at 2 years was 19 out of 42 (44%). Before the age of 1 year infected children had pneumonia and recurrent coughs, thereafter symptoms included failure to thrive, recurrent diarrhoea and fever, pneumonia, candidiasis, and lymphodenopathy. All babies had received live attenuated vaccines before 8 months with no adverse affects. CONCLUSIONS--Vertical transmission from infected mothers to their babies is high in Zambia and prognosis is poor for the babies. Perinatal transmission and paediatric AIDS must be reduced, possibly by screening young women and counselling those positive for HIV-I against future pregnancy. 相似文献